Science Behind Music

Science Behind Music, Different instruments have their own characterstics of sound which is known to be the envelope .Quality of sound differs from Instrument to instrument because of its accousticaly built body for example if we take for Guitar which has accousticaly body built which differs from other instrument  like piano so timbre changes.Every instrument is played in different style like some instruments are bowed,plucked,hit,strummed etc because of which sound differs from type of playing.

When we play instrument looking into all above said ways then instrument resonates in different frequency which leads to vibations which disturbs the particles present near the instrument they start to flow longitudnaly ,As we know sound is longitudnal waveform

                   

From above diagram we can see that when we try to hit the bell then it starts to resonate as a result of which the particles present near by the bell starts to vibrate in too and fro motion i.e longitudnaly .When particles start to vibrate in longitudnally as a result of compression and rarefraction takes place in the waveform so when it reaches the particles that are present near our Ear start to vibrate then outer earlobe captures the sound .

Sound waves

In the case of longitudinal harmonic sound waves, the frequency and wavelength can be described by the formula

where:

• y is the displacement of the point on the traveling sound wave;
• x is the distance the point has traveled from the wave’s source;
• t is the time elapsed;
• y₀ is the amplitude of the oscillations,
• c is the speed of the wave; and
• ω is the angular frequency of the wave.

The quantity x/c is the time that the wave takes to travel the distance x.

The ordinary frequency (f) of the wave is given by

For sound waves, the amplitude of the wave is the difference between the pressure of the undisturbed air and the maximum pressure caused by the wave.

Sound’s propagation speed depends on the type, temperature, and composition of the medium through which it propagates.

Pressure waves

In an elastic medium with rigidity, a harmonic pressure wave oscillation has the form,

{\displaystyle y(x,t)\,=y_{0}\cos(kx-\omega t+\varphi )}

where:

• y₀ is the amplitude of displacement,
• k is the wavenumber,
• x is the distance along the axis of propagation,
• ω is the angular frequency,
• t is the time, and
• φ is the phase difference.

The restoring force, which acts to return the medium to its original position, is provided by the medium’s